According to reports from Wu, Paradigm CTO Georgios Konstantopoulos stated on X that cross-chain interoperability has been resolved at the infrastructure level, with the core issues being integration at the wallet level, price discrepancies during large-scale operations, and low latency. He believes that issue 1 is a frontend technology problem, while issues 2 and 3 are market-making technology problems. Ethereum founder Vitalik Buterin replied that cross-chain interoperability must achieve the same censorship resistance, trustlessness, and lack of intermediaries as operations within L2, following the 'no degradation principle,' meaning that new mechanisms must possess the core attributes of ETH transfers on L1.

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